Endometrial cancer is the most prevalent in malignancies arising from female genital tract in Japan as well as in western countries. Primary surgery is the mainstay of the treatment for endometrial cancer and minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic or robot-assisted) with sentinel-node biopsy is applied for early-stage disease worldwide. In contrast, multidisciplinary treatments with the combination of complete surgical staging including systematic lymphadenectomy and more intensive drug treatments using immune checkpoint inhibitors should be recommended for advanced or recurrent cases with poor prognosis. Potential implementation of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) molecular classification in the clinical practice would bring us the precision care (individualization of adjuvant therapy according to molecular classification) for the patients with endometrial cancer in the near future This chapter introduces various contents written by Japanese experts based on the recent knowledge on the diagnosis and treatment of uterine body neoplasm.