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Regarding synchronization control methods between the voltage source converter and the AC grid, this chapter categorizes existing synchronization control methods into 5 main types. Firstly, based on four directly measurable physical quantities at the converter’s AC bus PCC (voltage, current, active power, and reactive power), four main types of synchronization control methods are defined: Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), Current Synchronization Loop (CSL), Power Synchronization Loop (PSL), and Reactive Power Synchronization Loop (QSL). Additionally, the method using the converter’s DC-side voltage as a medium for synchronization control is named Voltage Synchronization Loop (VSL), thus forming the five main types of synchronization control methods. This chapter covers: the principle and parameter tuning of Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (SRF-PLL) based on zero q-axis voltage control, the principle and design of Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (DDSRF-PLL) based on zero q-axis voltage control, the principle and parameter tuning of Power Synchronization Loop (PSL) based on constant power control, the derivation and parameter tuning of Voltage Synchronization Loop (VSL) based on constant DC voltage control, the derivation and parameter tuning of Reactive Power Synchronization Loop (QSL) based on constant reactive power control, the derivation and parameter tuning of Current Synchronization Loop (CSL) based on coupled oscillator synchronization mechanism, as well as the adaptability and performance comparison of the five main types of synchronization control methods. The conclusion of this chapter is that DDSRF-PLL has the strongest adaptability and superior performance against voltage and frequency disturbances; PSL has relatively strong resistance to voltage disturbances but weak resistance to frequency disturbances; VSL has extremely weak resistance to both voltage and frequency disturbances, making it unlikely to be applied in practical power grids; QSL and CSL are synchronization control methods suitable for specific power grids and are difficult to apply in grids containing both synchronous machines and non-synchronous-machine power sources; QSL performs well in wind farm grids with diode rectifier HVDC transmission; although CSL has the ability for synchronization control in a grid composed of 100% VSC power sources, it possesses almost no power control capability.

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Synchronization Control Method Between Voltage Source Converters and AC Power Grid

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Zheng Xu,
  • Huangqing Xiao,
  • Zheren Zhang

摘要

Regarding synchronization control methods between the voltage source converter and the AC grid, this chapter categorizes existing synchronization control methods into 5 main types. Firstly, based on four directly measurable physical quantities at the converter’s AC bus PCC (voltage, current, active power, and reactive power), four main types of synchronization control methods are defined: Phase-Locked Loop (PLL), Current Synchronization Loop (CSL), Power Synchronization Loop (PSL), and Reactive Power Synchronization Loop (QSL). Additionally, the method using the converter’s DC-side voltage as a medium for synchronization control is named Voltage Synchronization Loop (VSL), thus forming the five main types of synchronization control methods. This chapter covers: the principle and parameter tuning of Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (SRF-PLL) based on zero q-axis voltage control, the principle and design of Decoupled Double Synchronous Reference Frame PLL (DDSRF-PLL) based on zero q-axis voltage control, the principle and parameter tuning of Power Synchronization Loop (PSL) based on constant power control, the derivation and parameter tuning of Voltage Synchronization Loop (VSL) based on constant DC voltage control, the derivation and parameter tuning of Reactive Power Synchronization Loop (QSL) based on constant reactive power control, the derivation and parameter tuning of Current Synchronization Loop (CSL) based on coupled oscillator synchronization mechanism, as well as the adaptability and performance comparison of the five main types of synchronization control methods. The conclusion of this chapter is that DDSRF-PLL has the strongest adaptability and superior performance against voltage and frequency disturbances; PSL has relatively strong resistance to voltage disturbances but weak resistance to frequency disturbances; VSL has extremely weak resistance to both voltage and frequency disturbances, making it unlikely to be applied in practical power grids; QSL and CSL are synchronization control methods suitable for specific power grids and are difficult to apply in grids containing both synchronous machines and non-synchronous-machine power sources; QSL performs well in wind farm grids with diode rectifier HVDC transmission; although CSL has the ability for synchronization control in a grid composed of 100% VSC power sources, it possesses almost no power control capability.