The substantial increase in the number of vehicles and their higher loading magnitude certainly resulted in an early deterioration of pavement structures. The present study includes the assessment and rehabilitation of a national highway that experienced rutting failure due to a combination of various factors such as the presence of heavy vehicles, higher loading duration, excessive longitudinal slope, and others. The rut depths observed at several locations varied in a range of 40–50 mm, which considerably exceeded the permissible limit of 20 mm. After a thorough examination of the study section, it was found that the granular and subgrade layers were not affected, and the rutting failure was mostly limited to the bituminous layers. Therefore, the rehabilitation measure was recommended as milling of rut-affected bituminous layers followed by laying of a rut-resistant and high-modulus wearing course on top. Being a semi-flexible or composite layer, the study adopted a Cement Grouted Bituminous Macadam (CGBM) technology that has the capability of significantly higher load resistance in comparison with conventional bituminous mixes. The implementation of the CGBM layer served the purpose undoubtedly without encountering any failure even after almost a year in service.