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This study addresses the issue of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal interference in time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (TDDMRI), which leads to deviations in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements. A novel 3D inversion recovery (IR)-enhanced oscillating gradient-prepared gradient and spin echo (IR-OGprep-GRASE) sequence was proposed to suppress CSF signals by incorporating an IR module prior to the diffusion preparation. This modification significantly improved the accuracy of ADC measurements in brain regions adjacent to ventricles and sulci. Experiments were conducted using 3D GRASE and 2D echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences on healthy volunteers and glioblastoma patients to evaluate the impact of the IR module on diffusion time-dependent ADC. Results demonstrated that the IR module markedly enhanced ADC diffusion time dependence in hippocampal subfields and tumor regions (p < 0.01) and refined the estimation of microstructural parameters such as intracellular fraction and cell diameter. Furthermore, the IR technique exhibited consistent efficacy across different sequences, validating its potential for clinical TDDMRI applications. Despite increased scan duration, this study provides a novel approach to mitigate CSF interference, enhances the reliability of microstructural parameter quantification, and offers critical insights for brain tumor diagnosis and functional neuroimaging research.

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IR-based 3D Gradient and Spin Echo Imaging

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Dan Wu,
  • Haotian Li,
  • Qinfeng Zhu,
  • Xingzhou Chen,
  • Li-Ang Xu

摘要

This study addresses the issue of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signal interference in time-dependent diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (TDDMRI), which leads to deviations in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements. A novel 3D inversion recovery (IR)-enhanced oscillating gradient-prepared gradient and spin echo (IR-OGprep-GRASE) sequence was proposed to suppress CSF signals by incorporating an IR module prior to the diffusion preparation. This modification significantly improved the accuracy of ADC measurements in brain regions adjacent to ventricles and sulci. Experiments were conducted using 3D GRASE and 2D echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequences on healthy volunteers and glioblastoma patients to evaluate the impact of the IR module on diffusion time-dependent ADC. Results demonstrated that the IR module markedly enhanced ADC diffusion time dependence in hippocampal subfields and tumor regions (p < 0.01) and refined the estimation of microstructural parameters such as intracellular fraction and cell diameter. Furthermore, the IR technique exhibited consistent efficacy across different sequences, validating its potential for clinical TDDMRI applications. Despite increased scan duration, this study provides a novel approach to mitigate CSF interference, enhances the reliability of microstructural parameter quantification, and offers critical insights for brain tumor diagnosis and functional neuroimaging research.