Pain characteristics, psychological and disability have been reported presence in Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP). Alteration of postural balance and control have been found in individuals with CLBP. Currently, there are limited study to establish the relationship between pain characteristics, psychological, disability and postural instability in CLBP. Thus, this study aims to explore potential association between psychosocial factors and postural sway in CLBP. A total of 19 male volunteers with background of nonspecific CLBP were recruited. All participants completed in answering the self-reported questionnaire related to pain characteristics (Symptom duration, Current and Worst Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), psychological (Fear Avoidance Belief for Physical Activity (FABQ), Pain Coping Inventory Adaptive (PCIA), Pain Coping Inventory Maladaptive (PCIMA), Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia (TSK) and disability (Rolland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Foot Ankle Disability Index (FADI)) prior to the experimental of postural balance test (Total Distance (TD) and Ellipse (EA)) measured using a plantar pressure measurement system. Result showed there are significant positive association between duration of symptoms and PCIA (r = −0.540, p = 0.025) and PCIMA (r = −0.570, p = 0.017) in CLBP. However, there is only significant negative association between duration of symptoms and TD (r = −0.533, p = 0.023) in CLBP. No associations were found between duration of symptoms, FABQPA, TSK, RMDQ, ODI, FADI and EA (p > 0.05). A significant positive association between current NRS and FABQPA (r = 0.531, p = 0.023), and significant negative association between current NRS, TD (r = −0.628, p = 0.009) and EA (r = −0.605, p = 0.013) in CLBP. No association were found between current NRS, PCIA, PCIMA, TSK, RMDQ, ODI and FADI (p > 0.05). Furthermore, significant positive association between worst NRS, FABQPA (r = 0.520, p = 0.043), RMDQ (r = 0.565, p = 0.023), and negative association worst NRS and EA (r = −0.604, p = 0.013) in CLBP. No association were found between worst NRS, PCIA, PCIMA, TSK, ODI, FADI and TD (p > 0.05). Regarding psychological aspects, a significant negative association between FABQPA and FADI (r = −0.584, p = 0.014), positive association between PCIMA and TD (r = 0.491, p = 0.045) in CLBP. No association between FABQPA, PCIA, PCIMA, TSK, RMDQ, ODI, and EA were found. Lastly, regarding functional disability there are significant negative association between RMDQ (r = −0.852, p = 0.001), ODI (r = −0.610, p = 0.009) and FADI in CLBP. No association found between RMDQ, ODI, TD and EA (p > 0.05). This study has demonstrated the magnitude of relationship within pain characteristics, psychological, disability and postural sway in CLBP.