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The Finite Element Method (FEM), a digital modeling technique widely used in foot biomechanics research, is utilized to model the structure of the foot insole. FEM allows detailed analysis of mechanical behaviors and stress distributions, providing insights into the effectiveness of insole de-signs for alleviating flatfoot issues in children. Technological innovations that have revolutionized evaluation methods include 3D foot kinematic analysis. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of various factors such as weight, height, and BMI on the finite element analysis (FEA) model of insoles designed for children with flatfoot and to provide insights into the mechanical behaviors and stress distributions of foot-insoles, and to evaluate the effectiveness of different insole designs in alleviating flat-foot issues. 3 years old, and 6 years old, children with different weights that have flatfoot problems have been involved in this study. The three-dimensional configurations of children's insoles were created utilizing SolidWorks software, and the finite element analysis (FEA) was performed with ANSYS software. The material considered for manufacturing the insole is Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) 95A. The model for the insole is specifically analyzed according to the foot size of the children. This study is conducted to investigate the significant correlation with variables, such as weight, height, and BMI, that affect the FEA model analysis while standing. The simulation results indicate that the Von Mises stress distribution varies significantly based on the child's weight, with 6-year-old children experiencing higher stress levels than 3-year-old children due to greater weight loading. The peak plantar pressure was found to be 3.9526 × 10−5 Pa for 3-year-old children and 3.762 × 10−5 Pa for 6-year-old children, highlighting the correlation between weight and foot pressure. It was also demonstrated that thicker insoles provide better pressure distribution, reducing the strain on the medial longitudinal arch. These findings confirm that FEA is an effective tool for optimizing insole designs based on individual weight and foot structure, which can significantly enhance comfort and support for children with flatfoot.

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A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Modelling of Insole for Flatfoot Children

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Mohd Firdaus Mahamad Ali,
  • Nadzifah Yaakub

摘要

The Finite Element Method (FEM), a digital modeling technique widely used in foot biomechanics research, is utilized to model the structure of the foot insole. FEM allows detailed analysis of mechanical behaviors and stress distributions, providing insights into the effectiveness of insole de-signs for alleviating flatfoot issues in children. Technological innovations that have revolutionized evaluation methods include 3D foot kinematic analysis. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of various factors such as weight, height, and BMI on the finite element analysis (FEA) model of insoles designed for children with flatfoot and to provide insights into the mechanical behaviors and stress distributions of foot-insoles, and to evaluate the effectiveness of different insole designs in alleviating flat-foot issues. 3 years old, and 6 years old, children with different weights that have flatfoot problems have been involved in this study. The three-dimensional configurations of children's insoles were created utilizing SolidWorks software, and the finite element analysis (FEA) was performed with ANSYS software. The material considered for manufacturing the insole is Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) 95A. The model for the insole is specifically analyzed according to the foot size of the children. This study is conducted to investigate the significant correlation with variables, such as weight, height, and BMI, that affect the FEA model analysis while standing. The simulation results indicate that the Von Mises stress distribution varies significantly based on the child's weight, with 6-year-old children experiencing higher stress levels than 3-year-old children due to greater weight loading. The peak plantar pressure was found to be 3.9526 × 10−5 Pa for 3-year-old children and 3.762 × 10−5 Pa for 6-year-old children, highlighting the correlation between weight and foot pressure. It was also demonstrated that thicker insoles provide better pressure distribution, reducing the strain on the medial longitudinal arch. These findings confirm that FEA is an effective tool for optimizing insole designs based on individual weight and foot structure, which can significantly enhance comfort and support for children with flatfoot.