Concerns about the effects of conventional packaging materials on the environment have driven the search for more sustainable substitutes; composite materials show promise as such. This chapter investigates the development and use of composite materials in the packaging industry with an eye toward their ability to improve performance and lower environmental impact. Combining polymers with other filler such as natural fibers, nanoparticles, and bio-based additives—allows composites to reach improved mechanical strength, barrier characteristics, and other capabilities including antibacterial properties. The talk covers a number of systems, including nanocomposites combining metal-based nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes and biodegradable polymers enhanced with agricultural waste. These developments not only meet global environmental goals but also satisfy important criteria of durability and safety. This chapter offers a detailed view of modern trends and future paths in sustainable packaging materials, therefore addressing important issues related to production, scaling, and regulatory compliance.