Does placement of a retrievable inferior vena cava (IVC) filter reduce the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism? The PREPIC2 trial investigated whether combining a retrievable IVC filter with anticoagulation therapy reduces the risk of recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE) in high-risk patients. This multicenter, randomized clinical trial enrolled patients following a first episode of PE and contraindications to long-term anticoagulation. The study found no significant difference in the incidence of recurrent PE between the two groups, despite the ability of the filter to trap emboli. However, patients with the IVC filter experienced more complications related to the device. The findings suggest that IVC filters, when combined with anticoagulation, do not significantly improve outcomes in preventing recurrent PE and highlight the need for careful consideration of the risks and benefits of filter placement.