In recent years, cyber-attacks and fake information have emerged as significant threats to organizational management. However, there is still limited research on these issues within management studies. This chapter explores the risks posed by cyber-attacks and fake information to organizations, particularly from the perspective of organizational information processing, and examines how organizations address these threats through the lens of traditional organizational information-processing theory. Furthermore, building on this foundation, this chapter clarifies how organizations respond to information threats that challenge their rationality, focusing on real-world examples of how organizations manage cyber-attacks within the framework of organizational communication and information processing.