The negative environmental implications of freight transportation have pushed logistics players to examine inland freight mode selection criteria. This study evaluates modal choice criteria (MCC) and their weight in encouraging intermodal railroad freight transport. The spherical fuzzy Bayesian best–worst method is used to assess MCC weights in this research. Application to Indian logistics landscape shows that “economic criteria,” “infrastructural and technological criteria,” and “operational criteria” are the most important MCC types. The 36 MCC’s most important sub-criteria are “freight rates,” “transit time,” and “network coverage.” This research can also help policymakers, industry stakeholders, and logistics experts develop ways to improve inland freight transportation networks’ sustainability, resilience, and competitiveness.