Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of man-made chemicals, popular in industrial applications for their heat, oil, and water-resistant properties. A wide range of applications includes common consumer products such as raincoats, non-stick cookware, waterproof clothing, electrical cables, carpets resistant to stains, pizza boxes, and fire-floating foams. In this chapter, the physiochemical properties, and bioaccumulation potential have been discussed. The later part of this chapter is devoted to the adverse effects on the reproductive system of the male and female populations. Studies from epidemiological and experimental animals have also been included. Recent studies on the mechanisms leading to reproductive dysfunction have been highlighted. Despite the current limitations in data, it is anticipated that this chapter could provide valuable understanding for future research in deciphering the role of PFAS in life style diseases.