Review on the Key Components Optimization in Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) for Efficiency Enhancement

The use of fossil fuels has triggered extreme weather changes and has negatively impacted ecosystems as a result of global warming. One potential solution that can be proposed is the utilization of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC). This innovative technology harnesses the variance in temperature in seawater to generate a sustainable energy source. The OTEC technology has been found to have significant potential for lowering emission levels and decreasing our reliance on fossil fuels. The research conducted here aims to comprehensively analyze the key elements of OTEC, including the working fluid, turbine, and heat exchanger. The objective is to improve the efficiency and sustainability of the system. The selection of the working fluid is crucial. In turbine components, design has a significant impact on improving energy conversion efficiency. In heat exchangers, enhancing the performance of evaporators and condensers is critical to ensuring efficient heat transfer without causing a substantial pressure drop. By optimizing these key components, OTEC has excellent potential to become an efficient and sustainable renewable energy solution and play a role in reducing carbon emissions.