The escalating challenges of environmental concerns regarding textile waste on a global scale have intensified the need for sustainable waste management strategies. The textile industry contributes approximately 92 million tonnes of textile waste annually, contributing 17–20% of the global solid waste. This is characterised by a linear system that encourages frequent order and disposal of clothing produced to meet changing consumer demand and trends. This leads to landfills or incineration every second. To address the textile industry’s waste problem, sustainable solutions through the circular framework are ushering in a revolution towards “Upcycling and Recycling”. Taken together, these approaches offer new strategies for reducing the environmental footprint of the textile and fashion industry, which is a major contributor to global waste and pollution. This book chapter addresses various techniques of upcycling and recycling, underlining their potential for effective waste reduction, resource conservation, and promotion of circular economy principles. This chapter delves into the various innovative techniques for managing textile waste via upcycling— creative reuse of textile waste into more valuable products, thereby reducing waste and extending the lifespan of materials—and recycling, which focuses on the processing of deconstructing waste into reusable raw materials. Both ways help to prolong the life of textiles, reduce waste and the need for virgin materials in production, thereby improving the environment. Additionally, technologies advancing these techniques are explored, while highlighting the importance of consumer awareness. The adoption of these sustainable practices helps reduce environmental footprint and conserve resources, which is crucial in moving towards a greener and more sustainable future.