Agrosylvopastoral areas in arid and semi-arid regions play an important role in the survival of rural populations. However, the intensification of drought linked to climate change (CC), land degradation, and deforestation is having a considerable impact on the resilience of these areas. This study aims to demonstrate the role of the innovation niches approach in the adaptation of fragile ecosystems to climate change in North region of Cameroon. Data was collected from stakeholders in agro-sylvopastoral activities and analyzed using a harmonized framework for classifying and selecting innovation niches. The results identified two key innovations: the Agricultural Innovation Platform (AIP), which promotes climate-smart agricultural practices, and the Watershed Approach (WA), which integrates landscape management and forest protection. These approaches strengthen ecological resilience, improve soil restoration, and enhance community well-being. From a scientific point of view, it highlights the conceptual relationship between innovation niche and ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) for the promotion of climate change adaptation and mitigation. In practical terms, it provides levers that can be mobilized to multiply and accelerate innovation processes and thus contribute to the sustainability of agricultural systems in drylands of Cameroon.