CCUS represents a pivotal engineering solution for achieving global climate stabilization and China’s dual carbon goals. This chapter conducts a comprehensive source-sink assessment to optimize CCUS deployment through spatially explicit analyses of CO2 emission sources and geological storage potential. A high-resolution global carbon emission grid (1 km ×1 km) is developed, integrating geospatial, industrial, and land-use data from 87,000 industrial point sources across 139 countries. Leveraging this framework, 4220 CCUS carbon clusters are identified globally, with cumulative emissions projected to reach 693.8 Gt by 2050. Effective CO2 storage potential is evaluated for 794 terrestrial sedimentary basins, yielding a global total of 2,081.94 Gt (168.11 Gt via CO2-EOR; 1,913.83 Gt in deep saline formations). For China, county-level suitability assessments integrate socioeconomic, environmental, and geological indicators, categorizing 839 counties into four tiers (unsuitable to highly suitable). A reservoir screening system identifies 2570 CO2-EOR-suitable oil reservoirs (1556 miscible; 1014 immiscible), with projected incremental oil recovery of 9.2 billion tons and CO2 storage potential of 339 million tons. Key findings reveal pronounced regional concentration of clusters and storage capacity, emphasizing strategic prioritization in regions like the Bohai Bay Basin. Methodological innovations include the carbon cluster paradigm for cost-efficient infrastructure scaling and a multicriteria framework for granular suitability evaluation. This study provides actionable insights for CCUS deployment, addressing scalability challenges while balancing economic viability, operational safety, and environmental sustainability. Results underscore the urgency of integrating clustered deployment strategies and basin-specific optimization to meet global decarbonization targets.