Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is a strong elicitor that has drawn a lot of interest due to its ability to increase plants’ synthesis of secondary metabolites. Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic chemicals are among the important metabolites that have industrial, medicinal, and agricultural uses. A thorough explanation of MeJA’s mode of action is given in this chapter, with particular attention to how it might cause stress reactions and trigger certain biosynthetic pathways in different plant species. Important research highlighting both in vitro and in vivo methods that illustrate how effective MeJA is in raising secondary metabolite yield is presented. The chapter also looks at how combining MeJA with other elicitors might work in concert as well as how application techniques can be optimized to produce the most metabolites possible. Understanding the intricacies of elicitor-induced biosynthesis, the discussion also includes the function of genetic and environmental variables in regulating plant responses to MeJA treatment. In order to highlight the promise of MeJA-based elicitation as a viable and effective approach for boosting the synthesis of high-value secondary metabolites in plant biotechnology, this chapter will critically examine existing research as well as future directions.