Laser cleaning is a sophisticated physicochemical process involving the interaction between a strong light field and materials, utilizing mechanisms such as thermal ablation, stress vibration, and plasma shock. This method can selectively remove contaminants through heat conduction, material phase transformations, and redeposition, with the efficacy depending on factors like optical penetration depth and thermal diffusion length. Three main types of laser cleaning methods exist: dry, wet, and laser-induced plasma shock wave cleaning. Wet laser cleaning and plasma shock wave cleaning reduce thermal effects, whereas dry laser cleaning mainly relies on thermal energy.. Laser cleaning is highly effective in preventing metal corrosion and repairing surface defects, thus extending part lifespan. Despite the drawbacks of traditional sandblasting, laser cleaning offers significant advantages for materials like aluminum alloys, copper, and steel. Research indicates that Nd:YAG lasers at 532 nm are effective for removing corrosion products but less so for chlorine-containing ones. In contrast to pulsed lasers, continuous wave (CW) lasers can enhance efficiency but require optimization to avoid damaging the base metal. Further investigation is needed to fully understand the impact of CW laser treatments on metal properties.