Comprehensive Evaluation of Microstructure, Mechanical Characteristics, and Bending Fatigue Strength in Wire Arc Additively Manufactured Super Duplex Stainless Steel
摘要
The study investigates the microstructural characteristics, hardness profiles, wall thickness variations, temperature profiles, tensile strength, and fatigue behavior of wire arc additively manufactured (WAAM) super duplex stainless steel (SDSS). Microstructural analysis reveals a complex interplay of phases, prominently featuring equiaxed Body-Centered Cubic (BCC) matrix and smaller, elongated grains of Face-Centered Cubic (FCC) austenitic structure. The WAAM process yields a 40% fraction of the FCC phase, influencing the alloy’s microstructural evolution. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the full spectrum of phases present. Hardness analyses show a consistent profile across the deposited component, with an average hardness of approximately 302 HV, indicating uniform mechanical properties. Cross-sectional views depict minor fluctuations in wall thickness, with no visible pores or printing flaws, affirming the printing process’s robustness. Temperature profiles during printing indicate a progressive decrease in temperature. Tensile tests reveal higher yield strength in the horizontal orientation, with tensile strength showing improvement compared to manufacturer specifications. Anisotropic mechanical properties are observed, with superior fatigue strength in different orientations. Overall, WAAM SDSS demonstrates promising mechanical properties, highlighting the need for ongoing research and optimization efforts in WAAM processes.