This chapter is devoted to an exploration of the tradition of radical geography. Radical geographers argue that the social relations of capitalism matter in terms of understanding how the spaces and places of capitalism are produced and reproduced. Employing in particular the insights of Lefebvre, it will be posited that the logic of capitalism is towards the production of a regime of abstract space, a specific structure for perceiving, conceiving and living space that has at its core the fragmentation, homogenisation and hierarchisation of that space. This abstract space acts to erase distinctions as it colonises other spaces and subordinates them to its logic. However, capital often meets resistance in this project, as workers, lumpenproletarians, women and indigenous peoples seek to make their own spatial demands in meaningful social places. The resultant dialectic between space and place inscribes itself in concrete spatial forms, producing the landscapes of capitalism.