Cardiac tamponade is a life-threatening condition resulting from the accumulation of fluid, blood, pus, or gas within the pericardial sac, leading to increased intrapericardial pressure. This pressure impedes normal cardiac filling, reduces stroke volume, and can precipitate severe hemodynamic instability. Rapid recognition and intervention are paramount, as untreated tamponade can swiftly progress to cardiac arrest. This chapter provides an evidence-based approach to diagnosing and managing cardiac tamponade in the intensive care unit (ICU), emphasizing timely assessment, diagnostic strategies, and interprofessional collaboration to optimize patient outcomes [1] [Ref: Algorithm 66.1].