This chapter centers on solar power generation, covering its principles, key technologies, development, and applications. It explains photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal power generation, including their conversion methods, system components, and types. The development history, policy support, and innovation models (agrivoltaics, aquavoltaics, photovoltaic sand control) in China are detailed. It also discusses technologies, advantages, challenges, and future plans for the solar power industry. China’s solar energy resource distribution, capacity assessment, economic benefits, and case studies of typical projects are presented, highlighting the country’s leading role in global solar power development and its efforts toward sustainable energy solutions.