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Water is not just a utility in the context of advanced cities; it is an essential infrastructure that controls liveability, productivity, resilience, and health [1]. Water serves essential urban purposes beyond its biological needs, such as cooling and sanitation systems, industrial operations, and public green spaces. The integrity and intelligence of a city’s water systems are essential to its ability to adapt to stressors like population expansion, climate change, and technological advancement. This chapter breaks down water as a multifaceted resource into four strategically related but operationally separate sub-elements: drinking water quality and equity, rainwater harvesting as an adaptive and supplemental source, access to clean water for non-drinking uses, and the resilience of water supply systems.

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Water as Urban Necessity: Quantifying Access, Quality, Provision, and Innovation in Advanced Cities

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Ali Cheshmehzangi

摘要

Water is not just a utility in the context of advanced cities; it is an essential infrastructure that controls liveability, productivity, resilience, and health [1]. Water serves essential urban purposes beyond its biological needs, such as cooling and sanitation systems, industrial operations, and public green spaces. The integrity and intelligence of a city’s water systems are essential to its ability to adapt to stressors like population expansion, climate change, and technological advancement. This chapter breaks down water as a multifaceted resource into four strategically related but operationally separate sub-elements: drinking water quality and equity, rainwater harvesting as an adaptive and supplemental source, access to clean water for non-drinking uses, and the resilience of water supply systems.