Rising Demand of MoS2 Nanoparticles for Energy Storage Applications: From Layered Sheets to Smart Electrodes

MoS2 is developed as a potential supercapacitor material. It is a two-dimensional dichalcogenide (TMD) material. Its high surface area, tunable energy band gap, layered structure, rich redox chemistry aids very high storage and fast diffusion process. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has acknowledged a lot of attention in energy storage, battery and catalytic applications. However, when used as an electrode material, MoS2 shows certain characteristic deficiencies. The cyclic stability and electrical conductivity of MoS2 are less than optimum. Its comparatively low cyclic stability may not see long-term difficulties of several energy storage applications and low value of electrical conductivity may hamper efficient electron transfer. Additionally, MoS2 experiences sulfidation reactions by discharge and charge cycles, leading to the steady fall of the capacity over time. Sulfidation procedure is one of the important aspects responsible for weakening the efficiency of electrodes based on MoS2. Volume contraction and expansion in MoS2 during charge-discharge processes limit its application in profitable fields. Such disadvantages increase the necessity for additional research and reporting such matters. Improving the performance of MoS2-based materials for energy storage applications is vital. Further in this review, the synthesis method, properties and the structure of MoS2, are presented, followed by the recent developments in energy storage applications and forthcoming opportunities about it.