Integrated Well and Surface Microseismic Monitoring Technology for the Geological Storage Safety of Carbon Dioxide

At present, geophysical methods available for monitoring the safety of CO2 geological storage include three-dimensional seismic surveys, microseismic monitoring, near-surface electromagnetic techniques, and satellite remote sensing, among others. This section primarily introduces the key technologies developed in recent years by the project team for the application of microseismic methods in monitoring the safety of CO2 geological storage. The microseismic method monitors changes in formation pressure or microseismic events occurring during CO2 injection, thereby reflecting the patterns of pressure variation as well as the migration of gas within the storage formation and aquifer. Acoustic signals generated during hydraulic fracturing or high-rate injection processes can be used to determine the locations of microseismic events.