Optimal Configuration of Shared Energy Storage for New Energy Stations Based on Cooperative Game

Energy storage (ES) can effectively mitigate the problems brought by the volatility and intermittency of new energy power generation to the power system. However, the self-built ES mode is plagued by drawbacks such as low utilization rate, a single revenue model, and difficulty in cost recovery, which have restricted the application of ES. By contrast, the shared ES mode—through the collaborative utilization of ES resources among multiple new energy stations—can significantly reduce costs and enhance benefits. This paper designs a multi-station co-constructed ES mode and proposes a cooperative game-based optimal configuration method for shared ES, while taking into account the uncertainty in the output of new energy stations. Specifically, the research work includes three aspects: constructing a shared ES system for multiple new energy stations; establishing a cooperative game-based operation framework for shared ES among multiple new energy stations; and developing an optimal configuration model with the goal of maximizing the annual average comprehensive benefit of the “multiple new energy stations-shared ES” system. The Shapley value method is adopted to distribute cooperative benefits, so as to ensure the balance of interests among all participating entities. Results of case studies demonstrate that the proposed method has significant advantages in reducing ES costs and improving overall benefits.