Research on Frequency Decomposition-Based Optimization Control Strategy for Frequency Regulation of Thermal Power Unit

In response to the increasing frequency regulation pressure of thermal power units under the background of a high proportion of renewable energy grid connection, an optimization control strategy based on frequency multi-scale decomposition is proposed. Through the rate limiting device, the grid frequency is decomposed into high-frequency and low-frequency components, and error self-tuning controllers and PID controllers are respectively designed to achieve rapid suppression of high-frequency fluctuations and stable adjustment of low-frequency deviations. Combined with the multi-objective optimization framework, an improved snow ablation optimization algorithm is used to collaboratively optimize the frequency regulation performance and power generation cost, forming a “layered suppression—global optimization” control architecture. Simulation results show that in scenarios of step disturbances, continuous load fluctuations, and new energy grid connection disturbances, the frequency deviation is significantly reduced, the frequency regulation response speed and stability are improved, and economic considerations are also taken into account. This verifies its robustness under complex disturbances and engineering application potential.