Research on Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Distribution Network and Microgrid Based on Stackelberg Game

Regarding the issue of energy management strategies for microgrid systems under the same distribution network, a collaborative optimization strategy for distribution networks and microgrids based on a Stackelberg game is proposed. First, a master-slave game model between the distribution network and the wind-solar-storage microgrid is constructed, with the objective of minimizing the upper-level distribution network cost and the lower-level operational cost of the wind-solar-storage microgrid. Then, the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions are introduced to transform the bi-level model into a single-level model, thereby resolving the nested solving problem between the upper and lower-level transaction models. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed transaction strategy can effectively reduce the operational costs of both the distribution network and the microgrid, providing a reference for decision-making in electricity markets involving microgrid participation.