Governance System and Ethical Norms: Building Responsible Educational AI

This chapter examines governance systems and ethical norms for building responsible educational AI. The new generation of artificial intelligence technologies, represented by generative artificial intelligence (AIGC), is integrating into the education ecosystem with unprecedented depth and breadth, driving a fundamental transformation from teaching models, learning methods to governance systems. This “intelligence revolution” significantly enhances educational efficiency, promotes personalized learning, and optimizes resource allocation. However, it also gives rise to a series of complex ethical dilemmas and governance challenges. Issues such as data privacy leakage, algorithmic bias consolidation, ideological security risks, weakening of student autonomy, and the exacerbation of the “digital divide” are particularly sensitive and urgent among minors. This chapter is based on the current AI governance policy framework in China, systematically analyzing the core risks in the application of educational AI and proposing a comprehensive governance path with the core principle of “equal emphasis on development and regulation”. The report advocates that the “red line” and “bottom line” of educational AI application must be clearly defined, and negative lists and sandbox supervision mechanisms must be established; special data security and privacy protection policies must be constructed for minors, adhering to the principles of minimum necessity, local processing, and “digital guardian” system; and through strengthening algorithm fairness review, interpretability requirements, and manual review mechanisms, the potential expansion of educational inequality due to technology application must be actively mitigated. Ultimately, this chapter emphasizes that building responsible educational AI lies in internalizing the fundamental task of “cultivating and educating people” as the value coordinate of technological development, through the collaborative governance of law, ethics, technology, and society, to create a safe, fair, trustworthy, and beneficial educational intelligent new ecosystem, ensuring that artificial intelligence truly serves the all-round development of human beings and the great goal of Chinese-style education modernization.