Topology Analysis and Energy Management for Multi-stack Fuel Cell Hybrid Power Systems in Rail Transit

With the continuous development of non-contact network locomotives and high-power fuel cell technology, the application of hydrogen fuel cell trains in rail transit has received widespread attention. Hydrogen fuel cells are a new energy and environmentally friendly power source that can convert chemical energy into electrical energy. To meet the application requirements of high-power traction in rail transit, multiple groups of fuel cells are often used in engineering to form a multi-stack fuel cell system to meet the load power requirements. To make up for the shortcomings of slow response speed of fuel cells and recover braking energy to improve the energy utilization rate of locomotives, multi-source power systems that use hydrogen fuel cells and energy storage systems are often used. Based on the comparison of the topological structure of multi-stack fuel cell systems and combined with engineering practice, this paper determines the topological structure of multi-stack fuel cells, designs a control method for starting the fuel cell system in sequence according to power demand and a rule-based energy management strategy, and uses MATLAB/Simulink to build a hybrid power system model. The above control method and energy management strategy are verified under the actual line load power.