Hybrid MHD-Based Arc Model for Pantograph-Catenary Systems Under Lightning

The bow-network relationship is a critical factor in ensuring stable current collection and the safe operation of trains, particularly under adverse weather conditions such as lightning. During such events, the stability and current collection performance of the railway traction power supply system face significant challenges. To address these issues and improve the performance of the bow-network system under lightning conditions, this study builds upon the Habedank hybrid model and incorporates magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) theory. A Cassie-Mayr hybrid arc model is proposed by modifying parameters based on MHD theory. Additionally, the arc model is enhanced using the cybernetic arc model and heat transfer theory to better simulate the arc characteristics within the bow-network system. The improved model accounts for the arc’s extinction and reignition processes, with convergence achieved through the use of an excess function. Simulation results analyze the arc voltage distortion and current zero-missing phenomena under normal operating conditions. Compared with traditional models and empirical data, the proposed model demonstrates superior accuracy and effectiveness in capturing arc dynamics.