Analysis of Competition and Cooperation in Bus-Subway Integrated Travel Networks

With the rapid development of urban transportation, residents have an increasingly diverse range of travel modes to choose from. Analyzing the competitive and cooperative relationships among different transportation modes is of great significance for achieving the sustainable development of urban transportation. Firstly, this paper uses the Multinomial Logit (MNL) model to depict residents’ travel mode choice behavior and the competitive relationships among various transportation modes. Secondly, analyzes the cooperative behavior among transportation modes through a bi-level programming model, and designs the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) to solve the model. Finally, the model parameters are calibrated and simulated in a case study. The research results analyze the changes in the passenger flow sharing rate and operating costs of various travel schemes under three scenarios: the coexistence of the subway and the bus on the same line, the purely competitive relationship between the bus and the subway, and the close cooperation between the subway and the bus. The competitive and cooperative strategies in the combined travel network of the bus and the subway are explored to achieve a win-win situation.