Quantitative Analysis of Proppant and Evaluation of Fracturing Effect in Tight Conglomerate Reservoirs

The initiation and propagation of fractures and the placement effect of proppant in volume fracturing are key issues in the exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas. This paper analyzes the development characteristics of hydraulic fractures generated in the reservoir after large-scale volume fracturing based on core analysis data from the Triassic Baikouquan Formation of Well JM2 in the Mahu Sag. A method for quantitatively analyzing the placement and fragmentation of proppant in hydraulic fractures through mineral, grain size, and roundness analysis is established. The main controlling factors of the volume fracturing network and its support effect are discussed. The research results indicate that the fracture types after volume fracturing in Well JM2 are mainly shear high-angle fractures, and the fracture surface morphology is mainly irregular. However, the formation mineral composition is not a key factor affecting fracture development. Under the condition of small well spacing three-dimensional development, micro-fractures are widely distributed in the volume fracturing transformation area, forming a volume fracturing network. However, the placement effect of proppant in hydraulic fractures is poor, the proppant is severely fragmented, and many fractures are not filled with proppant, which is seriously affected by gravitational differentiation. This indicates that there is still room for further optimization of the volume fracturing effect in tight oil reservoirs.