Comparative Performance Analysis of Different Controllers for Load Frequency Control of Low Inertia Power System

High penetration of renewable sources has modified the nature of the power system leading to transformation towards low inertia power system. Owing to reduced inertia, the variation in frequency due to load changes has increased, which may lead to unwanted frequency deviation and the stability issues in power system. Traditionally, Virtual Inertia controllers (VIC) were used for improving the frequency response in Load Frequency Control (LFC). VIC are not much effective in present day power system having high renewable penetration due to the rise of uncertainty in the system. Therefore, the advanced controllers are increasingly increased in LFC to improve the performance of the conventional VI by adding second level controllers. In this paper, a comparative analysis of effectiveness of few advanced controllers such as 3DOF-FOPID, I-TDN-PI Cascaded, FOI-(PDN + 1)] are studied for LFC of a low inertia microgrid (LIMG). The performance of these controllers in comparison with the conventional VIC is presented. Mountain Gazelle Optimization is used for finding out the optimal parameters of different controllers. The controllers design and their performance analysis is performed in MATLAB/Simulink.