Review and Optimization of Electrical Lighting and Power System Design for Cost and Installation Efficiency

In general building construction projects, the design of various systems—such as structural, electrical, plumbing, fire protection, and HVAC—is typically carried out independently. This often leads to issues during construction, such as overlapping equipment locations among different disciplines or excessive and unnecessary equipment procurement. To address these problems, contractors commonly review the system drawings on-site and resolve issues on a case-by-case basis, which can result in construction delays and unnecessary damage. Recognizing these challenges, the researcher proposes an approach that involves reviewing all system drawings comprehensively from the early stage of preparing the scope of work. A case study of a substation construction project is presented. This study focuses on revising and improving the preliminary scope of work to ensure suitability for practical implementation, with an emphasis on minimizing installation errors and reducing unnecessary material costs through detailed analysis and refinement of the design. This improvement process not only ensures that selected equipment more accurately meets operational requirements but also enhances usability and increases the overall efficiency of the construction process. Conducting thorough reviews and preparing a well-defined scope of work prior to installation facilitates smoother project execution, minimizes on-site errors, and ensures timely completion according to the planned schedule. Furthermore, these improvements promote better material management by preventing over-procurement and reducing the need for corrective work during installation.