Normal, Hypomanic, and Manic States: Key Differences and Their Implications

Bipolar II disorder may be the most common phenotype of bipolar disorder. Detecting hypomanic symptoms is essential for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder. However, compared to manic episodes, which are clearly distinguished from normal, hypomanic episodes are difficult to diagnose due to the weaker severity of symptoms and the shorter duration. Extroverted temperament or mental disorders such as cluster B personality disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and substance use disorders make it difficult to diagnose hypomanic symptoms. For an accurate diagnosis, it is essential to investigate the patient’s past history, including family history as well as current mood state.