Motor Neuron Activities of Gastrocnemius Muscle in Adult Sedentary Males Having Two Different Random Blood Sugar Levels

Objectives: It has been established that in diabetic patients, myopathy and neuropathy are very common. There are no clear guidelines on the blood sugar levels when a person begins deteriorating motor neuron activities. The hypothesis of the present study is based on that. Methods: Forty randomly selected sedentary males between 45 and 65 years were divided into two groups—Group 1 having random blood sugar levels <100 mg/dL and Group 2 having >100 mg/dL. Some peripheral lower limb exercises were performed. The surface electrodes were placed on the belly of the gastrocnemius muscles of both legs to measure the pattern of motor neuron discharge. The Shapiro-Wilk normality assumption test, descriptive statistics, and a two-tailed t-test were performed to compare the two groups (Group 1 and Group 2). Results: No significant differences (p < 0.05) were found in some anthropometric measurements, heart rate and blood pressure between Groups 1 and 2. Random blood sugar levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in Group 2 people. Significant (<0.05) differences have been found in the right and left leg’s MVC and RMS values during resting and working conditions of the gastrocnemius muscles within groups. Conclusion: It revealed significant differences in motor neuron activities for the right leg (RL) during resting and exercise conditions. In contrast, the left leg (LL) exhibited a significant difference, suggesting that motor neuron activities were affected in Group 2 during exercise. This finding implies that elevated blood sugar levels may impair motor neuron function during physical activity in sedentary males.