Biomechanical Study on the Working Upper Limbs of Manual Handloom Weavers of South Bengal

Introduction: Manual weaving is one of the physiologically exhaustive occupations. Repetitive movements of upper and lower limbs, strenuous static postures of back muscles make it tougher for the weavers. Previous studies have successfully established the prevalence musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among the handloom weavers in neck, upper-lower back, wrist, and shoulders. But the biomechanics and the prevalence of MSDs at the working upper limb was less explored. Aim: This study aims to find out the prevalence of MSDs at the working upper limb and its biomechanical and kinematics propositions among the handloom weavers. Methodology: Thirty right-handed male handloom weavers were randomly selected from south Bengal. Modified Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and body discomfort chart (BDC) were used for the subjective assessment of the prevalence of MSDs. Videography was performed to analyze upper limb joint movements and angles using Kinovea software. Results and Discussions: Results obtained from NMQ and BDC have revealed the most affected body parts were both the shoulders, elbows, upper arms hands. Additionally, biomechanical analysis has revealed that speed, Horizontal and vertical velocity, angle and angular velocity of upper working limbs of manual weavers are deviating from the normal range. Lack of awareness, old and under maintained manual weaving machine and adoption of stressful postures for longer duration may cause MSDs in working upper limb of the handloom weavers. Conclusion: Awareness about the risk factors present in the working environment and low-cost ergonomic interventions can play an important role in minimizing occupational MSDs among weavers.