Splenomegaly and Splenectomy for Hematological Disorders

Spleen enlargement results from increased hematological or immunological activity or vascular causes. Laparoscopic splenectomy is recommended for small or moderately enlarged spleens but is contraindicated in cases of massive splenomegaly or portal hypertension. OPSS is rare, with a lifetime risk of 5%, but it carries a high fatality rate of 50–60%. Preoperative vaccination and prophylactic antibiotics are recommended to minimize the risk of OPSS.