Design and Evaluation of Natural Ventilation for Building Energy Efficiency Based on Coupled LBM-LES and Markov Chain Method

Natural ventilation is an effective way to dilute and remove indoor aerosol pollutants. As energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon living have become a global consensus, architects have begun to pay attention to this natural ventilation technology. The interior layout has a significant impact on the natural ventilation effect. However, during the architectural design stage, it is difficult for architects to effectively assess whether the interior layout is conducive to natural ventilation and pollutant emissions, and controlling the concentration of indoor aerosol pollutants is crucial for protecting human life and health. Therefore, there is an urgent need to quickly obtain the real-time distribution of pollutants under natural ventilation conditions to determine whether the indoor layout is conducive to the removal of pollutants, thereby optimizing the layout plan. This paper therefore developed an LBM-LES-Markov chain based fast prediction model for real-time prediction of indoor aerosol contaminant transient transport. And further develop an interactive GUI to achieve real-time visualization of calculation results. Research shows that the proposed transient flow field calculation model can accurately predict the overall trend of transient transport of indoor aerosol pollutants. The developed interactive graphical user interface, combined with computational models, can quickly simulate the transient real-time transmission process of indoor pollutants in various scenarios under different layouts, while visualizing the pollutant removal effect. This provides architects with effective tools in the initial design stage to determine whether the designed interior layout is conducive to natural ventilation and pollutant discharge, thereby contributing to the low-carbon development of buildings.