Comprehensive Economic Impact Assessment of Shipping Emissions in Port Cities: A Case Study of Shanghai, China

Shipping emissions have a direct negative impact on the ecological environment, residents’ health and social economy of port cities. However, the relevant literature seldom focuses on the quantitative analysis of economic losses. A CGE model with shipping emissions and diffusion is constructed to calculate the comprehensive economic impact on Shanghai in this paper. It is found that: (1) the direct economic loss caused by shipping emissions to Shanghai is about RMB 1.017 billion, with 0.2587 billion, 0.2776 billion, 0.2057 billion and 0.2304 billion for SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and PM10 respectively. (2) the variation in GDP is −0.07%, −0.02%, and − 0.014% respectively in three scenarios in 2019, including economic loss, environmental protection investment and pollution tax. (3) some factors, such as innovation of shipping emission technology and optimization of energy structure, will not only reduce shipping pollutant emissions but also promote the coordinated development of environment, economy and society.