FRET Dynamics in Coumarin-151 Ternary Systems Enhanced by Surface Plasmons

Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) dynamics in organic liquid dye mixtures are explored in this study, focusing on Coumarin 151 (C151) dissolved in ethanol and benzaldehyde (C7H6O) in the presence of Zirconium Nitride (ZrN) nanoparticles. FRET, which is a mechanism of energy transfer between two chromophores, is examined to evaluate the enhancement effects due to the plasmonic resonance and stability of ZrN nanoparticles. The research explores how variations in dye concentration and the surrounding dielectric environment affect energy transfer rate enhancement factor (ETREF). The study also evaluates how ZrN nanospheres and nanoshells respond differently to variations in dye concentration. The results show improved energy transfer rates and spectral shifts, providing useful insights for enhancing FRET-based tools in biotechnology, like biosensors and molecular imaging. Theoretical analysis shows that plasmonic interactions with ZrN nanoparticles significantly enhance ETREF. This study improves our understanding of nanomaterial-dye interactions and paves the way for innovative FRET-based applications in biotechnology.