Latest Advances in the Synthesis of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

Nanotechnology has emerged as one of the most active research areas owing primarily to the unique size-dependent properties that provide researchers with new approaches. The enhanced efficacy of nanoparticles (NPs) in comparison to their bulk counterparts, along with their tunable physical, chemical, and biological properties, has rendered them pivotal in technological advancements. Investigating the biogenic synthesis pathway has demonstrated that flora based reducing agents constitute a sustainable and optimal source for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles. The optoelectronic, physical, and chemical properties of noble metals such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), along with other metals including copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni), facilitate a plethora of technological applications. The current chapter focuses on the most recent biogenic and contemporary methods used for nanoparticle fabrication, as well as a comparative analysis of different metallic nanoparticles.