This chapter examines how microvascular regulation shapes skeletal muscle recovery after exercise and tissue loading. It explains the physiological mechanisms governing post-exercise perfusion, with emphasis on reactive hyperemia, endothelial function, autonomic control, interstitial fluid balance, edema formation, and metabolite clearance. The chapter also clarifies how these processes interact to restore tissue homeostasis, support substrate delivery, and remove by-products associated with fatigue and muscle damage. Beyond mechanism, it discusses how microvascular responses can be assessed in practice and how common perfusion measurements should be interpreted in light of methodological limitations and biological context. By integrating vascular physiology with recovery science, this chapter provides the reader with a concise framework for understanding why microcirculatory function is central to recovery and how it can inform the rationale, interpretation, and application of recovery interventions in sport and exercise contexts.