Study on the Characteristics of Ice Cover in Microclimate Areas with High Mountain Watershed Microtopography

This paper addresses the challenge of predicting ice accumulation on power transmission lines under the microclimate conditions of canyon wind corridors. By coupling CFD numerical simulation with an ice accumulation model, quantitatively analyzing the distribution patterns of wind speeds within canyon wind corridors and their influence on ice accumulation distribution. Based on a Gaussian-type mountain profile model, the SST k-ω turbulence model was employed to simulate the wind field characteristics of canyons with varying slopes (50%–176%) and spans (100 m–1000 m). The results indicate that wind speeds within canyons exhibit a “first decaying then increasing” distribution pattern along the length of the canyon. V-shaped canyons exhibit better low-altitude wind speed stability than U-shaped canyons, and the low-altitude acceleration effect is more pronounced in canyons with larger spans. The research findings provide a theoretical basis for anti-icing design of transmission lines in mountainous regions.