Usefulness of Surgical Navigation in Deformity Surgery

In posterior spinal fusion using pedicle screw (PS) instrumentation for scoliosis in children, the introduction of intraoperative computed tomography (CT) navigation has been found to decrease screw perforation rates, although complications still occur in approximately 6% of cases. Moreover, radiation exposure to the patient remains a common problem in CT navigation. We consider the following seven points to be crucial for reducing radiation exposure and improving PS insertion accuracy: preoperative planning using magnetic resonance imaging, low-dose intraoperative CT, imaging using the portrait method, the reference frame middle attachment method, the Landmark Crater method, establishing safety checkpoints in the surgical field, and effective collaboration among multiple departments and professions.