A rigid body dynamics fault simulation model is established for the mechanical characteristics of the CT26 type spring-operated actuator under various operating conditions, and the correctness of the simulation model is validated. Dynamic simulation studies of the core components of the spring-operated actuator are conducted under conditions of spring stress relaxation fault and cam wear fault, analyzing the influence of fault conditions on the impact load. The study finds that when the closure spring stress relaxes by 4 cm, the cam impact load decreases, but it results in a 57% increase in the duration of contact force, whereas cam wear fault leads to varying degrees of increase in the impact load of each component, affecting the overall mechanical strength of the mechanism. The research results provide technical support and theoretical basis for the production and use of the spring-operated actuator.