Reactive Power Minimization in Bidirectional Wireless Power Transfer Systems via Adaptive Multi-Phase-Shift Control

This paper presents an effective control strategy for minimizing reactive power in bidirectional wireless power transfer (BD-WPT) systems using an adaptive multi-phase-shift modulation approach. The system is modeled with a Series–Series (S–S) compensation topology, suitable for bidirectional energy transfer between electric vehicles (EVs) and the power grid. A dual-loop control framework is developed, in which the outer loop governs the direction and magnitude of active power flow, while the inner loop adaptively adjusts the phase shift angles of the full-bridge converters on both sides. This decoupled strategy enables precise synchronization of primary and secondary converters without requiring any wireless communication link. The control method ensures efficient energy transfer by maintaining a near-unity power factor and significantly suppressing reactive power, even under detuned conditions. Simulation results from a 1 kW MATLAB/Simulink model confirm the effectiveness of the proposed controller in achieving smooth and reliable transitions between grid-to-vehicle (G2V) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) operation modes. The results demonstrate that the proposed control scheme enables bidirectional power flow with minimized reactive losses, validating its potential for practical implementation in future EV charging infrastructure.