Advancing Flexible Electronics: The Shift from Wire Bonding to Conductive Ink Technologies
摘要
The evolution of electronics is increasingly oriented towards flexibility, miniaturisation, and enhanced functionality, with printed electronics representing a transformative shift in device fabrication. Unlike traditional wire bonded circuits, which rely on rigid boards and complex lithographic processes, printed electronics utilises advanced printing technologies to directly deposit functional materials onto a wide range of substrates. Techniques such as inkjet, screen, gravure, and flexographic printing provide unprecedented design freedom, enabling the creation of lightweight, flexible, and stretchable electronic devices. These devices can conform to non planar surfaces and integrate seamlessly into wearable systems, smart textiles, and adaptive platforms, offering new opportunities in sectors ranging from healthcare and automotive to energy and consumer electronics.