Emerging Tools in Security and Defense for Sustainable Systems: Stochastic Optimization, Quantum Decision Models, and Technological–Human Convergence

This work originates from joint efforts launched in 2018 between an artificial intelligence and cognitive science lead at the French Defense Innovation Agency and the first author of this article. These collaborations progressively linked approaches from applied mathematics, algorithmics, and cognitive science to issues of sustainability in defense and security. The present text is a non-confidential synthesis, focused solely on methods and formalisation, without sensitive elements or specific operational contexts.