Caving methods represent a category of mining techniques that manage ground pressure by facilitating the collapse of surrounding rock. As the stope face progresses, the surrounding rock is induced—either intentionally or naturally—to cave and fill the goaf, thereby containing the rock pressure. This method is primarily employed in the extraction of thick ore zones and steeply inclined medium-thick to thick ore zones. Unlike traditional mining methods, no separate ore rooms and pillars are retained; rather, the entire orebody is extracted in a singular, continuous sequence. The resulting system is characterized by its simplicity, high capacity, low cost, and ease of management, establishing it as one of the most efficient and profitable underground mining techniques. Based on the vertical unit that is caved, caving methods can be categorized into five fundamental types: single-slice caving method, layer-by-layer caving method, sublevel caving method, forced block caving method, and (natural) block caving method.